Temas en ggplot2 [Elige un tema para tus gráficos]

Puedes personalizar la apariencia de tus gráficos hechos con ggplot2 usando temas creados por los usuarios. Haz click sobre los botones de cada sección para previsualizar el tema y su código correspondiente.

Ten en cuenta que puedes sobrescribir los elementos del tema haciendo uso de la función theme, como el color de fondo, el grid o los márgenes, entre otros.

Temas predeterminados

El paquete ggplot2 proporciona ocho temas diferentes. Por defecto usa el tema llamado theme_grey (theme_gray), por lo que no necesitas especificarlo.

Elige un tema

theme_grey() theme_bw() theme_linedraw() theme_light() theme_dark() theme_minimal() theme_classic() theme_void()

Ten en cuenta que existe un tema adicional para usuarios avanzados llamado theme_test para realizar pruebas unitarias visuales.

Tema por defecto de ggplot2

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_grey() +  # Default
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_bw() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_linedraw() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_light() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_dark() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_classic() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_void() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

Paquete `ggthemes`

Temas del paquete ggthemes

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_base() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_calc() +
  scale_fill_calc() + 
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_clean() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_economist() +
  scale_fill_economist() + 
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_excel() +
  scale_fill_excel() + 
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_excel_new() +
  scale_fill_excel_new() + 
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_few() +
  scale_fill_few() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_fivethirtyeight() +
  scale_fill_fivethirtyeight() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_foundation() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_gdocs() +
  scale_fill_gdocs() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_hc() +
  scale_fill_hc() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_igray() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(maps)
library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

us <- fortify(map_data("state"), region = "region")

ggplot(us, aes(x = long, y = lat)) + 
  geom_map(map = us,
           aes(fill = region,
               map_id = region, group = group),
           color = "black", size = 0.1) +
       guides(fill = FALSE) + 
  theme_map() # Theme for maps

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_pander() +
  scale_fill_pander() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_par() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_solarized() +
  scale_fill_solarized() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_solid() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme_stata() +
  scale_fill_stata() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

El paquete ggthemes contiene varios temas populares. Algunos de ellos también vienen con sus escalas de color correspondientes. Usa las escalas adecuadamente en base a tus datos.

theme_base() theme_calc() theme_clean() theme_economist() theme_excel() theme_excel_new() theme_few() theme_fivethirtyeight() theme_foundation() theme_gdocs() theme_hc() theme_igray() theme_map() theme_pander() theme_par() theme_solarized() theme_solid() theme_stata()

Paquete `hrbrthemes`

hrbrthemes proporciona “temas centrados en la tipografía y componentes de temas para ggplot2”. Los temas disponibles se muestran a continuación, pero también puedes revisar las escalas, paletas, fuentes y utilidades disponibles.

theme_ipsum() theme_ipsum_es() theme_ipsum_rc() theme_ipsum_ps() theme_ipsum_pub() theme_ipsum_tw() theme_modern_rc() theme_ft_rc()

Paquete hrbrthemes

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_ipsum() + # Arial Narrow
  scale_fill_ipsum() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_ipsum_es() + # Econ Sans Condensed
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_ipsum_rc() + # Roboto Condensed
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_ipsum_ps() + # Fuente IBM Plex Sans
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_ipsum_pub() + # Public Sans
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_ipsum_tw() + # Titilium Web
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)
# import_roboto_condensed()
# extrafont::loadfonts(device="win")

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_modern_rc() + # Tema roboto Condensed dark
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(hrbrthemes)
# import_roboto_condensed()
# extrafont::loadfonts(device="win")

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) + 
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") +
  theme_ft_rc() + # Tema oscuro basado en el tema FT
  scale_fill_ft() + 
  theme(legend.position = "top")

Paquete `ggthemr`

Paquete ggthemr

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("flat")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("flat dark")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("camouflage")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("carrot")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("chalk")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("copper")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("dust")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("earth")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("freshe")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("grape")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("grass")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("greyscale")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("light")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("lilac")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("pale")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("sea")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("sky")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemr)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggthemr("solarized")

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

El paquete ggthemr (disponible solo en GitHub) funciona de manera diferente a otras librerías. En lugar de usar la función theme y establecer el tema puedes establecer un tema globalmente usando la función ggthemr y pasando el tema como cadena como argumento.

ggthemr(“flat”) ggthemr(“flat dark”) ggthemr(“camouflage”) ggthemr(“carrot”) ggthemr(“chalk”) ggthemr(“copper”) ggthemr(“dust”) ggthemr(“earth”) ggthemr(“fresh”) ggthemr(“grape”) ggthemr(“grass”) ggthemr(“greyscale”) ggthemr(“light”) ggthemr(“lilac”) ggthemr(“pale”) ggthemr(“sea”) ggthemr(“sky”) ggthemr(“solarized”)

Ten en cuenta que tendrás que ejecutar ggthemr_reset() para volver al tema por defecto de ggplot2.

Paquete `ggtech`

El paquete ggtech (disponible en GitHub) proporciona temas inspirados por compañías tecnológicas, como Airbnb, Google, Twitter o Facebook.

theme_tech(theme = “airbnb”) theme_tech(theme = “etsy”) theme_tech(theme = “facebook”) theme_tech(theme = “google”) theme_tech(theme = “twitter”) theme_airbnb_fancy()

Paquete ggtech

library(ggplot2)
library(ggtech)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") + 
  theme_tech(theme = "airbnb") +
  scale_fill_tech(theme = "airbnb") +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggtech)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") + 
  theme_tech(theme = "etsy") + 
  scale_fill_tech(theme = "etsy") +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggtech)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") + 
  theme_tech(theme = "facebook") + 
  scale_fill_tech(theme = "facebook") +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggtech)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") + 
  theme_tech(theme = "google") + 
  scale_fill_tech(theme = "google") +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggtech)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") + 
  theme_tech(theme = "twitter") + 
  scale_fill_tech(theme = "twitter") +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggtech)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  ggtitle("Título del gráfico") + 
  theme_airbnb_fancy() + 
  scale_fill_tech(theme = "airbnb") +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

Paquete `ggdark`

Paquete ggdark

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_gray() +  # Default
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_bw() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_linedraw() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_light() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_dark() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_minimal() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_classic() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_theme_void() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

library(ggplot2)
library(ggdark)
library(ggthemes)

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

invert_geom_defaults()

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  dark_mode(theme_solarized()) +
  scale_fill_solarized() +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

invert_geom_defaults()

ggdark proporciona el modo escuro de los temas predeterminados de ggplot2. Además, la librería puede convertir cualquier tema en un tema oscuro haciendo uso de la función dark_mode.

dark_theme_gray() theme_bw() dark_theme_linedraw() dark_theme_light() dark_theme_dark() dark_theme_minimal() dark_theme_classic() dark_theme_void() dark_mode()

Establecer un tema activo

La función theme_set se puede usar para establecer un tema de manera global. En el siguiente ejemplo estamos estableciendo el tema predefinido theme_dark para todos los gráficos que se generen. Luego, puedes volver al tema por defecto tal y como se muestra.

library(ggplot2)

# Tema global
old <- theme_set(theme_dark())

cyls <- as.factor(mtcars$cyl)

ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, fill = cyls)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.7) +
  theme(legend.position = "top")

# Restablecer el tema por defecto
theme_set(old)

Establece un tema activo en ggplot2 con la función theme_set